Macabrepedia: A Marriage of True Crime and the Truly Bizarre

Weird Ways Rulers Have Died

September 13, 2022 Matthew & Marissa Season 1 Episode 55
Macabrepedia: A Marriage of True Crime and the Truly Bizarre
Weird Ways Rulers Have Died
Show Notes Transcript

This week, we explore some weird ways rulers have died throughout history.

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Marissa:

Macabrepedia makes light of dark subject matter that may not be suitable for all audiences. Listener discretion is advised.

Matthew:

On September 8 2022, Queen Elizabeth the Second died at her Scottish summer residents. She was 96 years old. Elizabeth was born on April 26 1926. To he who would later become King George the sixth and 919 52, Elizabeth would become Queen Elizabeth after her father King George died from a corn coronary thrombosis, Elizabeth would reign for 70 years, making her one of the longest reigning monarchs in history, second only to King Louie the 14th of France who reigned for 72 years. Her last few years held rumors of failing health, as it is to be expected when crossing over the 90 year threshold. But 1:30pm Eastern Standard Time, it was announced that Queen Elizabeth a second died with members of her family in attendance. Her son King Charles the third, now succeeds her. The queen is dead, long live the king. Join us as we add another entry into this our Macabrepedia.

Marissa:

Hello, and welcome to Macabrepedia a marriage of true crime and the truly bizarre as always, we are your hosts, Marissa and Matthew. And we are recording this shortly after Queen Elizabeth has died. And hope it doesn't sound too terrible that did give us an idea. Or an episode.

Matthew:

Yeah. And we're not gonna go through the history of Queen Elizabeth or her death or anything like that it is McCobb. And, but it is something that just kind of, it's very topical. But before we get rolling into all of that, I would like to note that we are releasing this a bit later than we usually would. It was a rather busy weekend. And as longtime listeners will know, we we tend to procrastinate quite a bit. And I'd love to say like, oh, because the Queen died we decided to shift gears and getting in and No,

Marissa:

no, nothing like that. It was definitely more. We had a lot to do.

Matthew:

It was like Friday. What are we going to what what should we write? Yeah. But then on top of that, a friend of mine, Brad Joyce, who has been working towards completing 100 mile ultra marathon, which is like it says on the tin, it's 100 mile foot race. He was finally able to earn his 100 mile belt buckle this last weekend.

Marissa:

Heck yeah. So in talking about it forever. He

Matthew:

had been talking about it trying to he's been trying to do this for more than five years that I've known him like I met him at a marathon. We were kind of talking and talking about ultra marathon racing, which for those who don't know ultra marathons or 50k, and above so in mileage it's like 32 miles and above races are considered ultra marathons. Marathon being 26.2. Also, that point two comes from an English monarch as well. Oh, yeah. Yeah, who was it Victoria decided to move the

Marissa:

remember the monarch, but I do remember the story

Matthew:

marathon back a bit or so that the finish line would be at in front of in front of the palace, so she could see the finishers two miles back. And because of that, it, it made it so that it was the 26.2 that we use now. Anyways, Brad, he had had a few attempts at trying to run this, run this distance. And that didn't quite pan out in the past. But this year, he finally did it amongst a lot of personal stresses that were in his life at this time. So congrats to him for that achievement. And also, we will let him shoulder the blame for this podcast being later than then it should

Marissa:

not be running 100 Miles is enough blame. Well, we'll let the

Matthew:

listeners decide if that's if that's worth that's worth missing their podcasting, regular scheduled podcasting programs. But after about like 24 hours on the course, which is a two and a half mile loop that he just had to run 41 times fuck. And he was doing this through. The start was just a torrential rain poor now and then of course this is in South Carolina. So there's like just appalling heat and humidity when it isn't raining. Insects, insects, well, I wasn't too Too bad there. I don't know what you were experiencing. But it wasn't too

Marissa:

too bad. No, well, well, maybe not. Right, number three, I think that rain actually just yeah, the rain

Matthew:

helps with stuff like that. But it amplifies the humidity tenfold. So anyways, he was falling behind on pace. And in order to make the cut off, and I got a message from Chris who was his, I want to say crew lead, but really he was his sole crew member who was taking care of all of his nutrition and clothes and everything he needed. And he said he was unlikely he was going to make cut off because he was slowly deteriorating in pace, which is, you know, the guy's been up for 30 hours or so. While 27 ish at the time that this was first said. So Marissa and I, we decided to drive out and help drag his bloated carcass around around the loops for another six hours, and he ended up getting a bit of a personal victory and ended up you know, pretty, pretty, pretty, pretty, pretty tired. But he was able to accomplish this goal that he had set out for himself years ago. On any year that was pretty rough for him. The last two couple years have been like I said, very trying for him. But anyways, because of this when the drive back and forth being two hours, one by two hours, yeah, other than six hours of helping him with that and our procrastination and poor planning. We felt that we weren't going to be able to bring the the magic and energy that we normally bring to eat

Marissa:

a lot. I was quite tired. It was I'd run a 5k the day before and then yesterday, I only did three loops. You did quite a bit more. But I still did seven and a half miles around and up and down. Elevation and elation on the course.

Matthew:

Yeah, it wasn't we weren't running through mountains. But it stacks up pretty pretty quick. Yeah. But anyways, big shout out to Brad for getting it done. So anyways, yeah. The Queen of England died, which is also noteworthy news. For sure. Brad ran 100 miles the Queen of England of the last 70 years also die. These one of these things is not like the other but anyways. It's when it comes to the Queen. I mean, we're in the United States, for the Queen of England for my entire life and for the entire life of both our parents, right? They both sets of our parents. Sounds weird. But the they are. Also, we only have now I guess it really is we only have one remaining parents. Anyway, so this is Okay, time to say that because it's it's Macabrepedia time, but that she Queen Elizabeth has been a staple for as long as we can remember and as long as our parents can remember. Yeah. Oh, yeah. She was also the last remaining person who had served in World War Two within British like, hierarchy kind of thing. But, you know, obviously, we are speaking as outsiders to this, but I am not a particularly political person. Unless it's being broadcast constantly somewhere or on Saturday Night Live. I probably don't really pay much attention to politics.

Marissa:

Yeah, but she's she's just always been there. You know, so it's still it's still somewhat affects us. Yeah, seems

Matthew:

weird to me. It's not there

Marissa:

anymore. Now we have a king of England,

Matthew:

King of England, Charles heck. But he's been there too, the whole time that I've ever know. So he doesn't really feel that different. Because, you know, I've always I remember being in like, second grade wondering when there was when he was going to take the take the throne. Game of Thrones bitch anyways. But we're not we're not going to be going through the life and times of queen e two. I'm close enough to her. I can say, Oh, really? Call it e two. So Queenie two, we're not gonna go through the details of that. If you want more details on her life and times, you can watch the crown on Netflix for that.

Marissa:

Which is on pause for respect. Is

Matthew:

it? Yeah. Oh, you mean like they're not filming another season? Okay. I thought they like took it

Marissa:

off. No. They paused filming. Yeah. So

Matthew:

today, we will be talking about some unusual ways that former British English monarchs have died, or gruesome things that have happened shortly after their death. We are keeping these occurrences to the British Isles for the most part, I believe all are post Norman Conquest, being 1066 or later, obviously weren't going to go to cover the entire span of monarchs and their deaths back to the early Celts and Romans.

Marissa:

No, you know what Wikipedia actually has a list of all the British monarchs and their causes of death. They have it broken down anyway. Yeah, you

Matthew:

know, and that was exactly the pitch that I made for this episode. And you were kind of giving me a little bit of pushback on that. Like nobody wants to just have

Marissa:

a Wikipedia article. So

Matthew:

well, there So we're competing Eric overclocking everything. And I'm saying there must be a reason. Yeah. Because people want to know, let us know in the future if you want an episode where we go through an entire list recording, and record the the monarchs and their deaths. Also another thing we're trying in this episode, if you hear what I'm about to say right now, I mean, it was probably successful. And you can let us know how that works out where I'm trying to do this with zero editing. Going forward from this point. Yeah, we'll see. So you get you get to see exactly how the, how the sausage is made. The vegan sausage is made behind behind here. So anyway, so this is going to be a list of monarchs and their deaths. More notable ones, I suppose, or ones that at least I can, you know, take take the piss out of no particular order. I was gonna put it chronologically, but no need. I'm a bit lazy. King James, the second of Scotland. King James had a pretty solid run as a ruler. And yet well as things go, you know, he had, he had his good stuff and his bad things. He founded the University of Glasgow. So that's a good thing, right? He also invited a very rich and powerful Duke and William, the eighth Duke of Douglas, over to his house for some pre lent cocktails and discussions of hey, hey, man, you should not you know, make powerful alliances against me because that makes me a little bit worried. So you shouldn't do that.

Marissa:

Sounds alright. Yeah.

Matthew:

And William was like, What? No, fuck off. I'm gonna make alliances against you. You're kind of a shit. So and Douglas had had, like, promised to come here. They were a bit of enemies. But Douglas, I say enemies. King James had gone and destroyed burnt his castle to the ground and taken his lands and all of this stuff prior to this, this invite to come come over for dinner. Okay, but he had given him a letter of like, safe passage. And like, Don't worry, man, we just want I just wanted to have a little chat. Which at the time, apparently was good enough, right?

Marissa:

So Red Wedding vibes?

Matthew:

Very much so except there was just the Duke. So, King, the dude comes over. He said, King James says, Hey, man, this is this is an actual quote. Hey, man. Okay, you should like you know, exactly, why don't you be cool? And knock it off with this whole like, making friends with other people that I should be friends with in a more like, they should be my friends kind of way. And then William was like, No, like you. I'm gonna make an alliance with these guys. And we might come for your shit at some point. So James pulls out a dagger and stabs 27 times in the neck, and then has one of his guards come over and bossed out is his brains with a with a

Marissa:

halberd 27 times wasn't good enough.

Matthew:

I feel like there was a passion involved with that. Yeah, I mean, I'm sure that probably handled it but you know, just in case let's just make sure anyways, that that isn't that isn't actually that had nothing to do with the death of the King of King James lead. This isn't like a revenge story or what have James You looked at me like he got how many times stabbed? James was the stabber? William was the stabby. That story's over. Now we go back to King James. He's kind of there's like this whole War of the Roses thing happening during this time. And King James is like, I'm gonna make an opera. This is an opportunity for me. I'm gonna roll up on England dropped the bow. Oh, King, everything. So in his preparations, he's testing out these cannons. And he gets killed by a cannon not fired by anybody other than himself. He gives a command to fire this cannon and it explodes. blows his legs out from underneath them. And that'll do it. Yeah, kill them. You know? You don't really survive having your legs blown off very easily on that. During that time period. Yeah,

Marissa:

not not super easy for to survive that.

Matthew:

Queen that we're going over the deaths not like every detail of their rains and stuff like that. I mean, obviously these people had 20 years or more while in some cases of rulership with some interesting shit that happens. We're not going to touch on all of that. Queen Caroline. Caroline ons buck. Well, she's Queen Caroline. You know, there are a few Queens Queen Mary, Queen Elizabeth. Queen, Elizabeth, Queen Victoria. They they're famous because they were the sole monarch. But oh, she was Queen because she Yeah, Queen by marriage. Yeah. So Oh, it's Yeah, I mean, you know, people tend to put put them in the back burner. But um, Queen Caroline, this is kind of a twofer in a way. She, she died from complications from an umbilical hernia. So she had a series of miscarriages. And she was that kind of weakened her abdominal walls and stuff like that. So and the umbilical hernia is basically when your belly button suddenly looks like it folds outwards. Not like an outie belly button. But like when the walls of your abdomen have like ruptured, and then your parts of your bowels are like pushing through your intestines or pushing through. Yeah, so super painful. And so she has all these miscarriages, and she's going through some stuff with that. And of course, this is the this is this is in the time of, of corsets and all this stuff. And she was kind of a girthy lady. This is the so she tried to keep it hidden for possibly a while because she never let anybody ever see her on dresses. She may have been suffering with this for a while, which is that like this dinner party and she she was very trusted by her husband to like they had a really good relationship. So whenever he was off doing something, she became queen region, which was very unusual, like normally you'd like you're, you're still the Queen, but like, everybody else is gonna take care of stuff and you just kind of you're there to, quote unquote, represent. But now she was like she she was competent. She knew what she was doing and all this stuff. But anyway, so she was always trying to presumably kind of show this like level of strength and competency to all these people. So she has these guests over at some point. She ends up having to leave early from from their little get together, because he's having these like really bad pains. So the doctors come in, they check her out. And she has this umbilical hernia. So she has like, her intestines are pushing through her stomach. So the doctors of the 1700s They're like, you know, we got to do we got to cut that out.

Marissa:

Oh, no. So they

Matthew:

open her up. And then they find this is no anesthesia, no cheese, they so they open her up. They've got this lump of rotting or like constricted, like the restricted blood flow that would happen. So it's like kind of not healthy tissue, as it's pressing through. She may have been keeping, like I said, may have been hiding it for a while. That's not certainly clear. Course it did, too. Yeah. So I'm saying so she, she, she, she she may have been doing it on her own is to try to keep this. So it might have been something where there was like a lack of blood flow in there for a while. So anyway, so there's the doctors come in, they cut it open, there's a book that comes out of her. And then they're like, Well, that looks like it's unhealthy. Let's cut it out. So they cut her intestines out. And then they put the remaining parts back in and then kind of put some stuff in there to try to hold it there. And we'll see how it does tomorrow. But a band aid over it. Yeah, so they shove her with band aids, or bandages. And then the next day, they take the bandages out and they look inside of her again. Oh man, that still looks bad. Let's cut a little more out. So they repeatedly go through cutting out more and more so she is awake. And the only anesthesia would normally be brandy or something along those lines. The problem is is they have cut her digestive tract out so she can't eat she can't drink she can't do anything. Apparently she had a really good sense of humor about the whole thing though because like one of the surgeons like caught on fire while leaning over her and his weight caught on fire and and on a candle and she stopped the surgery so that she could hold her guts in to laugh at him. But anyway, so she sounds lovely. Yeah, she sounds like a badass. But I was only really focused on her death for this I don't know if she had some other cool stuff in there. But so they she is in this situation from the time that she has the party issue to the time of her death is a span of 11 days. Wow. I've heard you know having more and more of her stuff cut out while she's just you know dealing with infections and stuff at this point from Gavin this gauze and shit stabbed pushed on her. She would spend the last moments of her life saying goodbye to her children and her husband. She encouraged him to remarry. But he said no, you are my only love shall never remarry. I will only take mistresses which I mean it's France. I mean it's a it's not France. They spoke French and German but they I suppose it's sweet in some way. Yeah, he's like only Horace for me. Good high class live in the castle horse though. So in her last moments, she said of her eldest son Frederick. One comfort I take in closing my eyes is to know that I will never look upon this monster again. It's her eldest son who damn mom. Wow. Like damn Yeah, she are both both. his parents hated him. And he was not a king. So he didn't actually make the list. But I'm kind of wanting to throw him a little bit of a note because he died in a shitty way too, or an unusual way. Please tell us he's not a king. But he was someone who should have been a king because his dad was a king and his brother was you can use the eldest somebody died before his dad said he never got the shot. So Frederick, the Prince of Wales, he died from getting blasted by a cricket ball that caused a lung abscess or a pulmonary embolism.

Marissa:

Damn, how fast was that cricket ball go.

Matthew:

I mean, they're hard balls. I'm pretty sure they're like, no, no, they're very dense. They're pretty. They're pretty. They make a girl clack. When they get there. I think they're called something they might be called Real tennis balls. But um, yeah, so he he's a huge cricket fan. Apparently, he's a total shithead too, because his parents hate them. But the ball cracks into him, slams them in such a way that it causes some kind of internal issues that if I don't know, there's conflicting stuff, he says, a lung abscess. And then there's another thing that says that it was a pulmonary embolism. Either way, he gets slammed with this the sporting ball, and eventually dies because of it. And his mom hated him, which is interesting to note. Let's talk about because he has to make an appearance in every episode. Henry the Eighth of course, let's talk about him. The king who has probably been mentioned on this podcast more than any other person, except for the hosts

Marissa:

and yet we haven't actually done an episode on him. Maybe we don't need to

Matthew:

we we go through little snips of just of like his of his day to day shittiness he just always he all he always makes an appearance. So what is known about him and you know, and killed his his wives and right whatever, you can do the little what's the little

Marissa:

thing divorced, beheaded, died, divorced, beheaded, survived.

Matthew:

Yeah, that thing. We might do a full episode on him. Why not? It's using you love him so much. But anyways, he was a he was a he was a big dude. When he died. He was he was possibly over 400 pounds and needed a winch in order to get him onto a horse. Later in life. His skin at the time of death was covered in weeping bedsores. He had gout and a host of other uncomfortable ailments. It wasn't his death itself that was so noteworthy. I mean, obviously I want to King dies is pretty important. But what happened during his funeral,

Marissa:

he will have heard about this. Well, I know

Matthew:

you're an expert, but not everybody else has. He was placed in a specially made lead line coffin where his body was to rest during the services. Now if you're again a longtime listener, you may have heard our stages of death episode. The fifth stage of death is purification. This is where the body begins to break down and liquefy organs. The body then begins to bloat with liquids and gases. And during the service King Henry's massive body exploded filling the area with rancid bodily gases. Luckily for the crowd the coffin was made better than King James's cannon so no one was injured by any shrapnel. But it did make for a foul and disgusting smell. Are you fact checking me during that episode here?

Marissa:

I seem to recall something of sort of I seem to recall something about that's not necessarily a true story but it also a lot of a lot of sources say that it is so I don't know.

Matthew:

Most sources say that one is there is another one that we will touch on that says that it might just be because how like there's like coffin burps and it was like an excuse for for something like that. We'll get to that. Keep going. Another Henry Henry the first son of William the Conqueror, December 1 1135. King Henry the first son our seventh and seventh Henry's back 111 generation from William the Conqueror William conqueror being the 1066 guy that we started this whole thing on. Henry died after dining on a large amount of lamp praise while in France. He was 67 years old and he has a pretty wild ride from the throne to the grave but nothing that's like super noteworthy. No like like fun highlights really to hit so unless you want to dig dig in on Henry the first your main takeaway is that William the Conqueror son died eating a bowl of blood sucking water snakes try to work that into something and the conversations around the water cooler tomorrow.

Marissa:

Yeah, his doctors tried to tell him not to because he'd gotten sick off of a few times. And then he he didn't listen to them. Yeah, man ultimately died.

Matthew:

He does man. What they're lamprey afraid He's so good. That's so gross and lampreys are so nasty. They're huge. Ocean leeches. It's so gross. Anyways, speaking of Willie the conqueror, another guy real close to Willie. Oh, well, yeah, so Willie the conqueror. He died when his organs ruptured from his saddle horn. The pommel of the saddle, yeah rammed into his stomach when the when the horse that he was writing got spooked or suddenly like halted. William was heaved forward and the trauma would cause internal damage from that what she would later die from. Allegedly, that's happened. At least he wasn't thrown from the horse or anything. So he got to keep a bit of dignity, at least in some level during this this incident that would later lead to his death. The dignity was kept until they tried to actually get him into his coffin. Part of the reason that the pommel caused so much damage to William was because William had had grown a bit portly in his late 50s and early 60s, the pommel had jammed up under his belly, that basically he'd like had a bit of his girth over the over the saddle horn. So when that when that kind of kicked up that that's that's part of what it was slammed in through there. And that ruptured some of his guts. Again, we're dealing with the internal organs there, and then the the intestines, which are full of bacteria, and having bacteria flow from your bowels into your as abdomen, good causes kind of a quick and future vacation. And by the time that the king had died, and they got him into the coffin, he had expanded to the point where he wouldn't fit anymore. So like an overstuffed suitcase, the attendants kept applying pressure. And until they could try to get like it secured shut, which only happened once the king's belly burst in a similar fashion at Henry the eighth. This is the one that's like, it may or may not have been. Yeah, that one. I mean, again, this is this is in like a 1100. And some change. So this is not might be just before that anyway, it's a long time ago. They don't have a whole ton of records on this. So this one is one of those things, it's a little bit off but at his funeral, the aroma of his birth remains waft through the air. Again, this may be a bit of an exaggeration, it could be could be folklore that's just been made up. Sometimes this podcast just devolves into two truths and a lie. I don't know. We'll even get back

Marissa:

that far.

Matthew:

Yeah, that's That's it. Let's talk about another Tommy troubled King. Because it seems a lots of stuff in the in the gody. What's King John King, John, the king who signed the Magna Carta in 1215. The Magna Carta, basically is a document that the nobles force the king to sign that essentially says, Hey, you can't just do anything you want. Not, at least not without running it by a few people. First, he surely signed the Magna Carta because he thought that they would kill him if he didn't. But that wasn't what killed him. He actually died from dysentery shitting himself to death after overindulging on some dirty peaches, dirty peaches, literal peaches. Yeah, not dirty peaches like the brothel, which has to exist if there's not a website right now called Dirty beaches.com. I need to get that and just take pictures of of like slightly slightly moldy peaches. Anyways, he ate a bunch of actual peaches and he got sick and then ended up shitting himself to death on the throne last scene. He was also known like this guy is seems just like the most inept king ever. He was also known for misplacing like an entire fortune of wealth, including the crown jewels. You just lost him in a swamp somewhere.

Marissa:

Okay. I guess those are out there somewhere still out there somewhere. Someone will find them eventually.

Matthew:

They must have been recovered, right? I don't know. They have to have been. I'm gonna look it up real quick. So let me Crown Jewels prior to the 13th century really, relatively hazy. Henry the third was crown and 1220 and he uses St. Edward's crown, which was part of the crown jewels that would have been lost by King John so at least that much was found crown jewels that are the current Crown Jewels are date back to the restoration in 1661. So, you know, we

Marissa:

found some families,

Matthew:

or there wasn't necessarily all of them are lost, but at least le le some of them at least he's whatever. Two Truths and a Lie. But that'll mostly do it for some of the more entertaining deaths for the rulership of the British Isles.

Marissa:

Well, not quite yet. Oh, my God minute,

Matthew:

some very related actually McCobb minute for a death in the British Isles. So it's really just part of the Okay, our McCobb minute for this week is a continuation of exactly the same subject matter in which we were just discussing.

Marissa:

This is correct, but it's very interesting. King Alfred the Great he was trying to, you know, unite everybody at the time. Britain was kind of scattered it was a lot of little spots here and there, and some of them were like the Viking areas. So

Matthew:

So pre 1066. Yes.

Marissa:

So one of these places was ruled by Sigurd and sacred had a falling out with a neighboring lord named male who was known for his teeth, which were very large and buck teeth. Basically, it's very notable that this guy had very large teeth. So they had a falling out and they ended up meeting for battle. They both agreed that they would bring 40 men, but Sigurd cheated and brought 80 And as you can guess, he won because he cheated twice as many. Yes. So he won and he and his men slaughtered male and all of his men. on horseback Sigurd himself carried along the severed head of male. While riding the horse home, these large buck teeth of male scraped against an open wound that was on Sigurd leg, and it said, it looked as if he was getting visions by biting cigarettes led like the bacteria on the severed head got into the wound, which began to fester, creating a foul stench and making Sigurd feel ill. And before dawn, he died of the infection. And after the funeral, they said that Sigurd servants actually noted that the head of male had a big buck toothed grin. Yep. making him one of the most interesting deaths as he was quite literally killed by corpse.

Matthew:

No, man. Yeah, that's a good one to end with.

Marissa:

Okay, much more McCobb than that. Really? Yeah. Oh,

Matthew:

that seems a little a little unusual. I don't know. There. See? That one seems a little far fetched bacteria.

Marissa:

I'll do it every time. How

Matthew:

would you get a hair cut from somebody's teeth?

Marissa:

That if you were listening, I no teeth had the bacteria on the Magon to the wound that was already opened. And

Matthew:

what I'm saying though is like what was he doing right with no pants on you. His teeth were so big that they cut through your pants.

Unknown:

You didn't notice the specifics on the day I assume

Matthew:

if he's going to battle he's wearing some something will chain mail will sell some not just rubbing his deck on some some dudes buck teeth. Oh, you don't know Maybe he was. This is the origin of the tea bag as well.

Marissa:

But that is Sigurd.

Matthew:

Well. And that will do it for this week. Thank you so very much. If you have any other interesting royal deaths that you would like to contribute or any comments, you can reach us on Twitter and Facebook at Macabrepedia.

Marissa:

Also on Instagram at Macabrepediapod. And as always, you can reach out to us at macabrepediapod@gmail.com.

Matthew:

And if you would like to support what we do here, you can do so over on Patreon. You can get a couple extra bonus episodes. A couple other little fun things that we try to do a shout out on the episodes and a you know an undying regardless of the teeth in which we rub on. Thank you from our deepest, the deepest parts of our hearts. Thank you so very much. We thank all of our listeners for joining us every week or in a in a big flood suddenly of listeners are listening. just blasting through a number of episodes which we have seen on occasion if someone just like slammed through just all of the episodes in a row. Anyways, either any of the ways that you listen, we appreciate it. You can leave us comments where appropriate. And as always, thank you and join us next week as we add another entry into this hour. Be